Over the past four decades, there has been improved understanding of the accurate identification, quantitation, and pathophysiologic importance of the thyroid receptor antibodies (8-10), as will be further detailed throughout this chapter
Xiong, ZM, ODonovan, M., Sun, L., et al
FIGURE 2 4 Mitophagy and metabolic diseases The specific pathogenesis of metabolic diseases has not been conclusively determined, and it is currently believed that potential mechanisms such as ROS surge, abnormal protein structure and function, chronic low-grade inflammation, DNA damage, and insulin resistance are closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction (Matsumura et al., 2023)
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